Bitcoin hash rate passes 950 exahashes as sovereign mining operations scale

The Bitcoin network hash rate crossed 950 exahashes per second for the first time, driven largely by new sovereign and state-affiliated mining operations in the Gulf and Central Asia. Saudi Arabia’s recent reserve study reportedly includes a mining component. The UAE already hosts three government-licensed mining facilities. Kazakhstan and Oman have expanded subsidized energy contracts for BTC miners. Sovereign entry into mining is not just about accumulating Bitcoin — it is about having direct influence over network security and transaction processing. The countries that once controlled oil pipelines are now building hash rate pipelines. Energy and compute are the new geopolitics.